Time for action: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in low- and middle-income countries

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Published: 2026-07-03
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7196/AJTCCM.2026.v32i2.5223

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C F N Koegelenberg
Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5563-8429

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AJTCCM Vol. 32 No. 2

Section

Editorials
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.

Author Biography

C F N Koegelenberg, Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

Professor and Head: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine

Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital 

How to Cite

1.
Koegelenberg CFN. Time for action: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in low- and middle-income countries. Afr J Thoracic Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2026 Jul. 3 [cited 2026 Jul. 4];32(2):e5223. Available from: https://samajournals.co.za/index.php/ajtccm/article/view/5223

References

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2. Herth F, Becker HD, LoCicero J, Ernst A. Endobronchial ultrasound in therapeutic bronchoscopy. Eur Respir J 2002;20(1):118-121. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.0 2.01642001

3. Yasufuku K, Chiyo M, Sekine Y, et al. Real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. Chest 2004;126(1):122-128. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.126.1.122

4. Rivera MP, Mehta AC, Wahidi MM. Establishing the diagnosis of lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2013;143(5 Suppl):e142S-e165S. https://doi: 10.1378/chest.12-2353

5. Eknewir S, John TJ, Bennji SM, Koegelenberg CFN. The utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in a community with a high HIV and tuberculosis burden. Afr J Thorac Crit Care Med 2022;28(1):25-27. https://doi. org/10.7196/AJTCCM.2022.v28i1.156

6. Göker E, Altwairgi A, Al-Omair A, et al. Multi-disciplinary approach for the management of non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in the Middle East and Africa: Expert panel recommendations. Lung Cancer 2021;158:60-73. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.05.025

7. World Bank. Global progress: Tracking progress in global development. May 2026. https://data360.worldbank.org/en/int/atlas/global-progress (accessed 1 May 2026).

8. Hylton DA, Turner S, Kidane B, et al. The Canada Lymph Node Score for prediction

of malignancy in mediastinal lymph nodes during endobronchial ultrasound.

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020;159(6):2499-2507.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

jtcvs.2019.10.205

9. Biashya N, Kumar KS, Chowdhury N, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of the Canada Lymph Node Score for predicting malignant mediastinal lymphadenopathy in patients undergoing EBUS-TBNA in a tuberculosis-endemic setting: A cross-sectional study. Afr J Thorac Crit Care Med 2026;32(2):e4396. https://doi.org/10.7196/AJTCCM.2026. v32i2.4396.

10. Moumen A, Boubia S, El Attar H, Cherkab R, Ridai M. Pioneering endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in North Africa: Promising results from an initial case series. Afr J Thorac Crit Care Med 2026;32(2):e4054. https://doi.org/10.7196/AJTCCM.2026.v32i2.4054

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